A review of the innate immune defence of the human foetus and newborn, with the emphasis on antimicrobial peptides.

Abstract

At birth, the foetus makes the transition from the uterus to a world full of microbes. The newborn baby needs protection against potential invading pathogens and needs to establish a normal microbiota. Antimicrobial peptides and proteins are key effector molecules of innate immunity and are also important immunomodulators. Their presence in the cells and tissues of the uterus, foetus and the neonate indicates an important role in immunity during pregnancy and in early life.