Abstract
Climate change is causing detrimental changes in living organisms, including pathogens. This review aimed to determine how climate change has impacted livestock system management, and consequently, what factors influenced the gastrointestinal nematodes epidemiology in small ruminants under tropical conditions. The latter is orientated to find out the possible solutions responding to climate change adverse effects. Climate factors that affect the patterns of transmission of gastrointestinal parasites of domesticated ruminants are reviewed. Climate change has modified the behavior of several animal species, including parasites. For this reason, new control methods are required for controlling parasitic infections in livestock animals. After a pertinent literature analysis, conclusions and perspectives of control are given.
Highlights
Climate change (CC) is a modification in the properties of the climate system that persists for several decades or longer
CC has a negative impact on living organisms and can affect the transmission patterns of different pathogens which infect wild and livestock animals, and humans
The current review aimed to determine how CC has impacted the small ruminant operations and wildlife, and to identify factors influencing the epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematode infections in small ruminants under tropical conditions based on previous research findings
Summary
Climate change (CC) is a modification in the properties of the climate system that persists for several decades or longer Natural processes, such as changes in the Sun’s radiation, volcanoes or internal variability in the climate system, or changes in the composition of the atmosphere or land use derived from human activity, can contribute to CC. The current review aimed to determine how CC has impacted the small ruminant operations and wildlife, and to identify factors influencing the epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematode infections in small ruminants under tropical conditions based on previous research findings. The latter is orientated to find out possible solutions responding to CC adverse effects
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