Abstract
Abstract The superfamily Aphidoidea includes three families Aphididae, Adelgidae and Phylloxeridae (the last family is not known from the Indian subregion. The Adelgidae (and Phylloxeridae) differ from the Aphididae in that both sexuales and parthenogenetic forms are oviparous (as opposed to viviparity in the parthenogenetic forms of Aphididae). The fore wing is devoid of radial sector, which is otherwise normally present in Aphididae. Adelgids in general have short 2–5 segmented antennae, with 2 primary rhinaria in apterae and 3 in alatae; the wings are usually held roof-like in repose and the cubitus 1 and 2 remain separate in the fore wing; siphunculi (evident in most Aphididae) are absent and cauda is not discernible. All adelgids are known to feed only on Coniferae and may have as many as 5 generations, while leading a heteroecious holocyclic life cycle (e.g. Picea-Abies), viz., fundatrix, gallicola (alata-migrans) sistines, progredious alatae (seupara) and apterae and sexuales, of which sexuales and...
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