Abstract
Bio-hydrogen production (BHP) produced from renewable bio-resources is an attractive route for green energy production, due to its compelling advantages of relative high efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and lower ecological impact. This study reviewed different BHP pathways, and the most important enzymes involved in these pathways, to identify technological gaps and effective approaches for process intensification in industrial applications. Among the various approaches reviewed in this study, a particular focus was set on the latest methods of chemicals/metal addition for improving hydrogen generation during dark fermentation (DF) processes; the up-to-date findings of different chemicals/metal addition methods have been quantitatively evaluated and thoroughly compared in this paper. A new efficiency evaluation criterion is also proposed, allowing different BHP processes to be compared with greater simplicity and validity.
Highlights
To effectively curb the world emissions from fossil-based energy by 2030 [1,2], attempts of exploring alternative renewable energy have been made worldwide in both scientific and industrial communities in the past decades [3,4]
To avoid repetitive summary and discussion that had been addressed by other scholars, we only focus on chemical addition that could potentially affect the activity of hydrogenase during dark fermentation (DF)
We tried to summarize all the relevant reported works on Bio-hydrogen production (BHP) that we cited in order to find out some quantitative trends on the basis of substrate conversion efficiency (YH2/S ) expressed in the mole of hydrogen produced per mole of substrate in mol mol−1, hydrogen evolution rate (HER) expressed in mmol L−1 h−1, and specific hydrogen production rate expressed in mmol g−1 h−1
Summary
School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; State key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Energy Business Unit, Canberra, WA 6151, Australia
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