Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a class of mixtures with melting points notably lower than those of their raw constituent components. These liquids have found a tremendously wide spectrum of applications in the last two decades of their research, so their contact and interaction with technical metals and alloys are inevitable. Therefore, the corrosivity of DESs towards metals is an extremely important topic. This review summarizes research efforts collected in the last two decades related to the corrosion rate of various metals in different DESs. Since the DESs are mainly composed of organic raw compounds, and by their physicochemical properties they may be regarded as a separate class of ionic liquids, the literature data about DESs corrosivity has been compared to the data related to the corrosivity of various organic solvents and ionic liquids as well. All the results gained until now show significantly low corrosivity of DESs. This observation is discussed in relation to the chemical composition of DESs. The absence of the oxidizing agents, the inhibitory action of organic ions and molecules, high viscosity and low electrical conductivity have been recognized as the main factors contributing to the low metal corrosion rate in DESs.
Highlights
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) refer to mixtures of two or three solid or liquid compounds in a eutectic composition, where an unusually deep melting point depression is observed [1,2]
Since the DESs are mainly composed of organic raw compounds, and by their physicochemical properties they may be regarded as a separate class of ionic liquids, the literature data about DESs corrosivity has been compared to the data related to the corrosivity of various organic solvents and ionic liquids as well
A comprehensive literature data is nowadays available exclusively for traditional DESs containing choline chloride as their component, so these sources were the focus of the current review
Summary
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) refer to mixtures of two or three solid or liquid compounds in a eutectic composition, where an unusually deep melting point depression is observed [1,2]. The main characteristic of DESs is that they are in a liquid state at room or slightly elevated temperatures [3] They may not be considered ionic liquids, the DESs share many physical characteristics, such as relatively high viscosity and density, low electrolytic conductivity compared to aqueous solutions, low volatility and vapour pressure, and high thermal stability. These attributes make DESs good candidates for the replacement of traditional volatile organic solvents in many industries [4]. It further recaps the data related to the metal corrosion rates collected in various DESs and by different measuring methods. It summarizes the most relevant factors responsible for a generally low corrosion rate in DESs
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