A review of the design of high-entropy aluminum alloys: a pathway for novel Al alloys

Abstract

Aluminum (Al) alloys are of great importance and interest because of their extensive applications in various engineering fields. Lightweighting of our infrastructure has been a driver for more than the last two decades as our need to reduce carbon footprint on a global scale has become an inevitable reality. As a result, we have witnessed much progress in alloy development in Al alloys, especially with the advent of Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) and other computational tools. However, the limitations of the properties one may attain through alloy development to date have relied on the traditional solvent/solute model, where the matrix is Al with additions of elements (solute) to the matrix. Despite making much progress, we are still locked-in to the strength-ductility curve without any appreciable increase in modulus (stiffness) of the alloy. High Entropy Alloys (HEAs) provide a new paradigm as they differ from conventional alloys in entropy-based mixing logic of various elements, which is different from the solvent/solute model. HEAs offer the opportunity to move out of the strength-ductility curve as well as the opportunity to increase the alloy’s modulus. In this paper, we present a retrospective view of Al alloys, followed with an understanding of the principles of HEAs, and lastly, with the idea of applying high entropy concept to conventional Al alloys to develop a novel Al alloy category, which we have coined HEAl. Preliminary results with a commentary on potential future opportunities are also given.