Abstract
Surveillance of antimicrobial agent resistance provides important information to guide microbiologists and infectious disease specialists understanding of the control and the spread of resistance mechanisms within the local environment. Continued monitoring of antimicrobial resistance patterns in the community and in local hospital environments is essential to guide effective empiric therapy. The Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) has monitored the in vitro susceptibility patterns of clinical Gram-negative bacilli to antimicrobial agents collected worldwide from intra-abdominal infections since 2002 and urinary tract infections since 2009. Resistance trends, with a particular focus on carbapenem resistance and the rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), were analyzed. Isolates from intra-abdominal infections (n = 92,086) and urinary-tract infections (n = 24,705) were collected and tested using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute methods. This review presents carbapenem susceptibility and ESBL rates over ten years of SMART study analysis, including key publications during this period. The SMART study has proved to be a valuable resource in determining pathogen prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility over the last ten years and continues to provide evidence for regulatory susceptibility breakpoints and clinical decision making.
Highlights
Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in frequently isolated human pathogens can help to develop rational therapies [1]
This review presents carbapenem susceptibility and ESBL rates over ten years of Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) study analysis, including key publications during this period
This review presents some newly analysed data for carbapenem resistance and ESBLs over ten years of the SMART study and discusses key publications from the study during this period
Summary
Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in frequently isolated human pathogens can help to develop rational therapies [1]. Hospital studies can guide local antimicrobial agent use or larger studies can collect isolates for resistance testing at a central microbiology laboratory. Data collected from such studies can be used to guide microbiologists and infection disease specialists in the control and containment of resistant pathogens. Other global studies have provided additional scientific data with regards to antimicrobial resistance. These include studies such as EARS-net, PROTEKT, SENTRY and TEST which are discussed elsewhere [1]
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