Abstract
Health disparities of type 2 diabetes (DM2) in America is an ongoing crisis. Despite this, technology has been helpful in managing DM2 in the non-Hispanic White, Hispanic, and African American populations and has been proven effective. Furthermore, it may be used to supplement health provider DM2 care through telemedicine to lower hemoglobin A1c (A1c), a gold standard DM2 measurement, and other DM2-related outcomes, such as glycated hemoglobin. The purpose of this study was to review current literature on the use of telemedicine in assisting DM2 management in racial ethnic minorities and to discuss how to adjust the telemedicine DM2 management program to be applied to Chinese Americans. In addition, it is worthy to note that the role of nurses makes a substantial difference in the effectiveness of technological management of DM2 from being culturally sensitive and sending catered messages to address specific patient needs.
Highlights
Health disparities among racial ethnic patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2) is a widespread concern in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017; Chow, Foster, Gonzalez, & McIver, 2012)
The question, “How can we incorporate the use of technology for Chinese Americans to effectively manage their DM2?” provided the focus for the literature search
The results showed their intervention was efficient in reducing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) which improved 0.6% from a baseline level of 8.3% (P < 0.05)
Summary
Health disparities among racial ethnic patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2) is a widespread concern in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017; Chow, Foster, Gonzalez, & McIver, 2012). The Chinese immigrant population has had a six-fold increase since 1980, reaching 2.3 million people in 2016 (Zong & Batalova, 2017). Too do the amount of Chinese diagnosed with DM2, which adds to the ongoing health disparity. Chinese Americans, who are foreign-born Chinese or of Chinese descent, are the largest Asian ethnic group in the United States but suffer up to twice the rate of DM2 compared to European Americans (Joslin Diabetes Center, 2016; Zong & Batalova, 2017). Even with a lower body weight, Asian Americans are more likely than Caucasians to have DM2 with screening recommendations of a body mass index (BMI) of 23 for Asian Americans compared to 25 for Caucasians due to their higher risk (Abid, Ahmad, & Waheed, 2016)
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