Abstract

This paper reviews the recently-developed class of band-modulation devices, born from the recent progress in fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) and other ultrathin-body technologies, which have enabled the concept of gate-controlled electrostatic doping. In a lateral PIN diode, two additional gates can construct a reconfigurable PNPN structure with unrivalled sharp-switching capability. We describe the implementation, operation, and various applications of these band-modulation devices. Physical and compact models are presented to explain the output and transfer characteristics in both steady-state and transient modes. Not only can band-modulation devices be used for quasi-vertical current switching, but they also show promise for compact capacitorless memories, electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection, sensing, and reconfigurable circuits, while retaining full compatibility with modern silicon processing and standard room-temperature low-voltage operation.

Highlights

  • Received: 18 November 2021Accepted: 8 December 2021Published: 11 December 2021Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.The search for sharp-switching devices compatible with modern complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) digital technology has been a central preoccupation of the device physics community for the past two decades

  • Boron implantation replaces the P* electrostatic doping, without affecting the sharpness of the device characteristics [18]. This solution is well suited to FinFETs and nanowires, it does sacrifice some of the reconfigurability

  • The voltage-controlled blocking barriers could not be maintained across the whole film necessary voltage-controlled blocking barriers could not be maintained across the thickwhole ness

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Summary

A Review of Sharp-Switching Band-Modulation Devices

Sorin Cristoloveanu 1, * , Joris Lacord 2 , Sébastien Martinie 2 , Carlos Navarro 3 , Francisco Gamiz 3 , Jing Wan 4 , Hassan El Dirani 1 , Kyunghwa Lee 1 and Alexander Zaslavsky 5.

Introduction
Electrostatic Doping for Reconfigurable Devices
Principle of Band-Modulation
Implementation in FD-SOI Technology
Basic Characteristics in DC Mode
Transient Operation
Band-Modulation Mechanism
Regional Model
Switching Voltages
12. Schematic
Compact Model V-I Formulation
Static Memory Cell
16. N-type
Protection against Electrostatic Discharge
Bio-Sensing
23. Current
Esaki Diode
Conclusions
Full Text
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