A REVIEW OF REMOVAL IRON AND MANGANESE BY USING CASCADE AERATION SYSTEMS

Abstract

This review covers the removal of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) using aeration system for groundwater. The review focuses on the aeration systems that used by the previous researchers on the system in removing iron and manganese. The important aspects that will be discussed in this paper are the strength and the weaknesses that had been implemented and the success of systems, in the critical review. There are many systems that been used either using the oxidation or filtration. The suitability of the method is depending to study area, soil type and water characteristic. All the systems worked as a tool to remove the iron and manganese, the differences between the systems in removing this metal will 100% or less than 100% removal. In this review, the weaknesses between all the removal systems that would be done will be discuss, to improve other study about this system and the suggestion from the researcher also take as an idea to execute a research in this area. The comparation between the strategies evaluated, pilot study and simulation will be discussed. This paper has highlighted on the appropriate system is used to remove iron and manganese from groundwater, in addition a number of system design are also analyzed for knowing the importance of flexibility of operations with the model produced. The best system will be proposed to remove iron and manganese for further study depending to the weakness, advantages and disadvantages in costing and the best treatment.