Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) in China at the end of 2019 has caused a large global outbreak. Therefore, the present study was aimed to reviews the current status of COVID-19 and the progress management measures worldwide. The symptoms are usually fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, malaise among others. The disease is mild in most people; in some it may progress to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi organ dysfunction. Several drugs such as chloroquine, arbidol, remdesivir, and favipiravir are currently undergoing clinical studies to test their efficacy and safety in the treatment of COVID-19, some promising results have been achieved thus far. The virus spreads faster than its two ancestors the SARS-CoV-2 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), but has lower fatality. The case fatality rate is estimated to range from 2 to 3%. SARS-CoV-2 showed a superior plasma membrane fusion capacity by its spike(S) protein. The global pandemic has made an impact on the overpopulated developing country Bangladesh. The Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh is trying hard to control this pandemic. Extensive measures to reduce person-to-person transmission of COVID-19 are required to control the current outbreak. The global impact of this new epidemic is yet uncertain. This article reviews the pandemic, present symptoms, role of immunity, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and controlling methods of severe COVID-19 and puts forward some ideas, aiming to provide some recommendations for the diagnosis and recovery from severe COVID-19.
Highlights
Coronavirus is one of the major pathogens that primarily targets the human respiratory system
The disease is mild in most people; in some it may progress to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi organ dysfunction
Epidemiology and pathogenesis All ages are susceptible for COVID-19
Summary
Coronavirus is one of the major pathogens that primarily targets the human respiratory system. Since the emergence of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 [1], it has rapidly spread across China and many other countries [2,3,4,5,6,7]. In late December 2019, a cluster of patients was admitted to hospitals with an initial diagnosis of pneumonia of an unknown etiology These patients were epidemiologically linked to a seafood and wet animal wholesale market in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China [1,11]. The novel corona virus that has so far spread from China to almost all countries around the World does not seem to be as ‘’deadly as other corona viruses including SARS and MERS’ briefed by the Head of the WHO in their daily press note [9]. The present article reviews the pandemic, transmission factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and medication methods of severe COVID-19, aiming to suggest some indication for the diagnosis and recovery of devastating COVID-19
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