A review of oxidative stress in acute kidney injury: protective role of medicinal plants-derived antioxidants

S Palipoch

doi:10.4314/ajtcam.v10i4.15

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the common clinical syndrome which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The severity extends from less to more advanced spectrums which link to biological, physical and chemical agents. Oxidative stress (OS)-related AKI has demonstrated the increasing of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and the decreasing of endogenous antioxidants. Medicinal plants-derived antioxidants can be ameliorated oxidative stress-related AKI through reduction of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and enhancement of activities and levels of endogenous antioxidants. Therefore, medicinal plants are good sources of exogenous antioxidants which might be considered the important remedies to ameliorate pathological alterations in oxidative stress-related AKI.

Highlights

Kidney functions are excretions of waste products and toxins from blood circulation, preservative of bodily fluids and electrolytes homeostasis, and regulation of blood pressure and hormone secretions
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the common clinical complication which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, affecting about 1-7% of hospitalised patients and 1-25% of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU)
The Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and Endstage Kidney (RIFLE) classification proposed by the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) group divides AKI into five stages, as follows: (1) Risk; (2) Injury; (3) Failure; (4) Loss of function; and (5) End stage kidney disease (ESKD) (Van Biesen et al 2006; Bellomo et al 2007) (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Kidney functions are excretions of waste products and toxins from blood circulation (approximately 20-25% from cardiac output), preservative of bodily fluids and electrolytes homeostasis, and regulation of blood pressure and hormone secretions. This review emphasises the activities of antioxidants from phytochemical constituents of medicinal plants to insult OS-associated pathologies in AKI. Protective effect of medicinal plants-derived antioxidants in OS-related AKI

Results

Conclusion