Abstract
A robust and reliable gas sensing device is considered as a convenient and practical solution for gas concentration monitoring that has become a mandatory requirement in different field of applications. For in situ hazardous gases detection, a mixed-potential type gas sensor has been regarded as a promising solid-state gas sensor. For the past three decades, there has been a significant progress in achieving high performance in mixed-potential type sensors. Therefore, this review is focused on reporting the development of mixed-potential type gas sensors with combined yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as the base solid electrolyte material and various classes of electrode materials for their potential utilization as a high-performance sensing electrode. The underlying sensing mechanism of a mixed-potential type YSZ-based sensor is elaborated here in detail. Transformation in design and configuration of this type of sensor is also covered in this report. In addition, recent progresses on mixed-potential type gas sensors development for detection of several target gases, such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen, and ammonia, are reviewed. Strategies to improve the sensing characteristic, particularly gas sensitivity and selectivity, are also reported. Based on the understanding of the fundamental sensing mechanism and the requirements for high-performance gas sensors, challenges and future trends for this type of gas sensor development are discussed.
Highlights
Awareness of automatic and accurate monitoring of environmental pollutants from automobiles and other different industrial sources has been increased recently due to the fast development of several emerging economies
The thriving development of zirconia-based sensors that has been elaborated in this review shows that the researches on mixed-potential type gas sensors have progressed rapidly for the past three decades
While the sensing mechanism of a mixed-potential type zirconia-based gas sensor has been clarified in the previous section, many exciting developments and groundbreaking results produced so far are evolved around the improvement in the sensing characteristics
Summary
Awareness of automatic and accurate monitoring of environmental pollutants from automobiles and other different industrial sources has been increased recently due to the fast development of several emerging economies. The sensing characteristics of the mixed-potential type NOx sensor is strongly dependent on the composition of SE material and on its morphology including particle (grain) size, porosity, and thickness, due to the occurrence of gas-phase decomposition of NO2 to NO, which generally occurs at high temperature during the diffusion process in the SE layer, as mentioned previously. This is relating to the change in catalytic activity of SE materials. The resulting combined-type YSZbased sensor has been successful in generating the selective response to H2
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