Abstract
Extensive research on functionalized graphene, graphene oxide, and carbon nanotube based cement composites has been carried out to strengthen and overcome the shortcomings of construction materials. However, less literature is available on the pure graphene based cement composite. In this review paper, an in-depth study on a graphene-based cement composite was performed. Various structural forms of graphene and classifications of graphene-based nanomaterial have been presented. The dispersion mechanism and techniques, which are important for effective utilization in the construction industry, are reviewed critically. Micro-scale characterization of carbon-based cement composite using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared (IR) spectroscopic analysis, x-ray diffractometric (XRD) analysis, and morphological analysis has also been reviewed. As per the authors’ knowledge, for the first time, a review of flow, energy harvesting, thermoelectrical, and self-sensing properties of graphene and its derivatives as the bases of cement composite are presented. The self-sensing properties of the composite material are reported by exploring physical applications by reinforcing graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) into concrete beams.
Highlights
The construction industry makes a significant contribution to economic growth in every part of the world
Molecules, which consist of wrapped graphene by means of the introduction of pentagons on the hexagonal lattice are called zero dimensional nanoparticles
The results showed that both cement composites were capable of monitoring the applied compressive cyclic loading, SPCNT
Summary
The construction industry makes a significant contribution to economic growth in every part of the world. As for nano-reinforcements, the addition of carbon nanotubes/nanofibers (CNT/CNF) is widely recognised as an appropriate way to enhance the mechanical properties of the cement composite and to resist crack propagation. CNTs/CNFs have remarkable effect on the mechanical characteristics of cement-based composite, such as pore filling between hydration products (ettringite and CSH gel) which as a result enhances bond strength between the matrix and CNTs/CNFs while the GNPs showed an augment of the compactness and the homogeneity of hardened cementitious composite. The authors concluded that the experimental results of addition of graphene in geopolymers cement composite reported by different researchers vary and are inconsistent.
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