Abstract
BackgroundThe ongoing and evolving overdose epidemic highlights the need to translate research results into routine clinical practice to address urgent service delivery needs. Implementation science is a relatively new discipline intended to develop systematic, replicable, scalable strategies to accelerate this translation. This article presents a comprehensive review of implementation research funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). MethodsThe study identified all NIDA-funded research grants awarded in fiscal years 2007 through 2023 in treatment services or prevention research (n = 1111) and screened them to find those with a pre-specified implementation science component (n = 248). Using the text of the grant application, two reviewers independently coded the key characteristics of each study. ResultsThe characteristics of these grants, and trends over time, are described, and priority gap areas are identified. NIDA's implementation research grants have demonstrated increasing rigor in design and measurement. ConclusionsGrowth in the portfolio has been driven in part by NIDA's investments in research-practice partnerships in the criminal-legal system, and by recent efforts to address the overdose epidemic.
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