Abstract
Hot weather concreting involves some procedures to reduce negative effects caused principally by excessive water evaporation from the concrete surface. Potential problems for fresh concrete are: increased demand for water, increased the tendency the rate of slump loss corresponding to add water on job-site, an increased in execution rate, increased tendency for plastic shrinkage cracking and increased difficulty in controlling occluded air. Potential problems for hardened concrete may include: reduction of resistance at 28 days and long-term resulting of higher water demand and/or higher temperature of concrete, decreased durability resulting from cracking. Most developing countries have hot climate, ordinary jobsites in developing countries are characterised by reduced of human resources, equipment and infrastructures. This paper briefly reviews hot climate concreting procedures, especially the latest research in developing countries, and discusses the most appropriate in developing countries.
Highlights
Hot climate concrete is when the concrete is mixed, transporting, and pured in an elevated ambient temperature, low humidity and under solar radiation or exposed to the wind; Or any combination of the above-mentioned climatic conditions, which tends to deteriorate the qualities of the hardened or hardened concrete by the acceleration of the rate of water loss or the rate of hydration of the cement, which requires precautions To be taken, is defined the concreting in the hot climate by the ACI 305
ASTM C 94 (AASHTO-M157) for ready-mix concrete, give a limit of the temperature of the concrete when casting between 29 ° C and 32 ° C
ACI 305 does not impose any limit for temperature of concrete, it considers that hot-weather concreting is more complex to be simplified at concrete placing temperature or delivery temperature, because durability is a general term and difficult to be quantified, but which can be perceived by the sense of the resistance of the concrete to the climatic actions
Summary
Hot climate concrete is when the concrete is mixed, transporting, and pured in an elevated ambient temperature, low humidity and under solar radiation or exposed to the wind; Or any combination of the above-mentioned climatic conditions, which tends to deteriorate the qualities of the hardened or hardened concrete by the acceleration of the rate of water loss or the rate of hydration of the cement, which requires precautions To be taken, is defined the concreting in the hot climate by the ACI 305. In order to avoid hot climate problems, impose a maximum limit of temperature. ACI 305 (hot climate concreting) does not impose any limit for temperature of concrete, it considers that hot-weather concreting is more complex to be simplified at concrete placing temperature or delivery temperature, because durability is a general term and difficult to be quantified, but which can be perceived by the sense of the resistance of the concrete to the climatic actions. This article focus on the effects of the hot climate on the concrete characteristics and the procedures of hot weather concreting based on important standards on this field: ACI, ASTM and AASHTO, and other important references; conclusion of recommendations to improve ordinary construction practices in developed countries will be done
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