Abstract
Many projects concerning the protection, conservation, restoration, and dissemination of cultural heritage are being carried out around the world due to its growing interest as a driving force of socio-economic development. The existence of reliable, digital three-dimensional (3D) models that allow for the planning and management of these projects in a remote and decentralized way is currently a growing necessity. There are many software tools to perform the modeling and complete three-dimensional documentation of the intervened monuments. However, the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) sector has adopted the Building Information Modeling (BIM) standard over the last few decades due to the progress that has been made in its qualities and capabilities. The complex modeling of cultural heritage through commercial BIM software leads to the consideration of the concept of Heritage BIM (H-BIM), which pursues the modeling of architectural elements, according to artistic, historical, and constructive typologies. In addition, H-BIM is considered to be an emerging technology that enables us to understand, document, advertize, and virtually reconstruct the built heritage. This article is a review of the existing literature on H-BIM and its effective implementation in the cultural heritage sector, exploring the effectiveness and the usefulness of the different methodologies that were developed to model families of elements of interest.
Highlights
Introduction and AimsAccording to UNESCO, the World Heritage is divided into Natural, Cultural, and UnderwaterHeritage
This paper addresses a comprehensive review that includes 131 recent publications on the implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) for the maintenance, diagnosis, management, or complete parametric modeling “as-is model” of existing buildings, those belonging to the cultural heritage (CH)
This research will be useful for those researchers that are involved in the implementation of BIM for modeling historic buildings and for Heritage Building Information Modeling (H-BIM) modeling
Summary
According to UNESCO, the World Heritage is divided into Natural, Cultural, and Underwater. Cultural Heritage (CH) is divided into two broad categories, tangible cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage. Immovable assets (monuments, archaeological sites, and so on), is the main subject of application in the new approaches. There is a decided lack of documentation and technical information in many existing historic buildings [3,4]. This can result in inefficient project management, loss of time, and increased costs in maintenance or updating processes [5]. A structured digital three-dimensional (3D) model as part of the architectural heritage improvement process is an urgent need, nowadays.
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