Abstract
This article reviews the current factors concerning obesity, metabolic syndrome or DM2 and the accumulation of fat which can result in fatty liver or steatohepatitis (NAFLD) and its progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. The pathophysiology is discussed as well as the current treatment and nutritional options of betaine, SAMe, phosphatidylcholine, silymarin with vitamin E and probiotics. Since obesity, metabolic syndrome and NAFLD/NASH are polygenic as well as epigenetic, the current nutritional, pharmaceutical and biotec solutions are fairly limited. Future options may include biophysical such as temperature control, light therapy ormelatonin and moderate magnetic field therapy capable of regulating over 2500 genes as well as novel can nabinoidagents and polyphenols.
Highlights
Obesity, which is growing by leaps and bounds and is virtually epidemic in every country in the world, is considered one of the leading health problems within creased rates of fatty liver, NonAlcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) and it’s progression to cirrhosis and liver cancer /hepato cellular carcinoma (HCC)
Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is defined by excluding any evidence of ongoing or recent consumption of significant quantities of alcohol or Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (ASH) as the following derived from NASH clinical studies; significant alcohol consumption as defined as >21 drinks per week in men and >14 drinks per week in women over a 2-year period prior to base line liver histology [7]
Zuckerrats which naturally develop lept in recept or mutations alone were the only type associated with a mitochondrial abnormality. These findings indicate that a mitochondrial abnormality plays a role in the onset and progression of NASH in correlation with oxidative stress [24]
Summary
Obesity, which is growing by leaps and bounds and is virtually epidemic in every country in the world, is considered one of the leading health problems within creased rates of fatty liver, NonAlcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) and it’s progression to cirrhosis and liver cancer /hepato cellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis have disproportionately high prevalence of metabolic risk factors (diabetes mellitus type, obesity and the metabolic syndrome) typical l of patients with NAFLD or fatty liver. Their liver biopsies often show one or more features of NASH. NAFLD is defined by excluding any evidence of ongoing or recent consumption of significant quantities of alcohol or Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (ASH) as the following derived from NASH clinical studies; significant alcohol consumption as defined as >21 drinks per week in men and >14 drinks per week in women over a 2-year period prior to base line liver histology [7]
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