A review of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in child after cardiac surgery: analyses of outcomes

Abstract

Results Age and weight were 12 ± 17months and 6.4 ± 3.3kg, respectively. Twenty patients had single ventricle and 38 had biventricular physiology. The duration of ECMO was 8.4 ± 4.4 days. Fifty-two (84%) were successfully weaned off ECMO and 34 (55%) survived to hospital discharge. The weaning from ECMO was affected by peak serum lactate during ECMO (risk ratio = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.003-1.036, p = 0.0181) and the diagnosis of isomerism (46, 0.0004-0.41, 0.0085) by multivariate analysis. Indication for ECMO and surgical procedures were not significant predictors. Factors associate with failure of hospital discharge despite successful decannulation were as follows: weight (0.32, 0.14-0.62, 0.0001), ECMO duration (1.3, 1.02-1.72, 0.0352), the duration of the day between decannulation and the first day of negative water balance after ECMO (1.3, 1.13-1.54, 0.0001), the use of nitric oxide gas after ECMO (8.4, 1.81-46.66, 0.0068). Survivor vs. non-survivor to the hospital discharge was 7.1 ± 4.1 vs. 10.0 ± 4.2 (days) in ECMO duration (p = 0.0073) and 2.1 ± 1.5 vs. 8.3 ± 10.2 (days) in the negative water balance (p = 0.0004).