A Review of Existing Debates That Have Persisted Over the Choice of Language as a Medium of Instruction in Ghanaian Classrooms

Gifty Edna Anani

doi:10.5296/ire.v7i2.15013

Abstract

The choice of language to use as a medium of instruction across the curriculum in schools has been a contentious issue in Africa. Ghana, like many multilingual African countries, has not been spared this serious challenge of language choice. In fact, it has become a worrying issue of concern to many Ghanaians who have an interest in education. This paper provides snapshots of varied opinions on selecting a language as a medium of instruction in Ghanaian classrooms. It discusses the existing debates on the use of English language as a medium of instruction and also asserts the writer’s stance on the subject. Finally, the paper concludes by advocating the support for Ghanaian languages as a medium of instruction across the curriculum at the lower primary level.

Highlights

Language is a medium of communication, business, scientific development, and practically everything we do
This paper provides snapshots of varied opinions on selecting a language as a medium of instruction in Ghanaian classrooms
Ghana, a highly multilingual country with over forty spoken indigenous languages (Edward, 1983; Dakubu, 1988; Andoh-Kumi, 2000), has not been able to follow a consistent language policy. The aim of this current paper is to review debates on language policy adopted in Ghana since the introduction of formal education in the country

Summary

Introduction

Language is a medium of communication, business, scientific development, and practically everything we do. The language of education of any country is a very important factor for national development (Ashraf, 2012). Ghana, a highly multilingual country with over forty spoken indigenous languages (Edward, 1983; Dakubu, 1988; Andoh-Kumi, 2000), has not been able to follow a consistent language policy. The aim of this current paper is to review debates on language policy adopted in Ghana since the introduction of formal education in the country. It starts with a brief historical account of. An analysis of the manner in which the various policies were formulated is presented and concluded with the case for the support of the current language policy

English Language Policy Controversy in Ghana

Researchers Advocating for English as a Medium of Instruction

Writer’s Stance on the Language Policy in Ghana

Conclusion