Abstract
The critical stable sectional area (CSSA) for surge tanks corresponds to the critical stable state of hydropower stations and is an important index to evaluate the stability of the turbine regulation system. The research on CSSA for surge tanks is always one of the most important topics in the area of transient processes of hydropower stations. The CSSA for surge tanks provides the value basis for the sectional area of surge tanks. In engineering practice, the CSSA for surge tanks is widely used to guide their hydraulic design. This paper provides a systematic literature review about the CSSA for surge tank of hydropower stations. Firstly, the CSSA for surge tanks based on hydraulic transients is discussed. Secondly, the CSSA for surge tanks based on hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling transients is presented. Thirdly, the CSSA for air cushion surge tanks is illustrated. Finally, the CSSA for combined surge tanks, i.e., upstream and downstream double surge tanks and upstream series double surge tanks, is presented. In future research, the CSSA for surge tanks of pumped storage power stations should be explored. The CSSA for surge tanks considering multi-energy complement is worth studying.
Highlights
A hydropower station is a complicated system that contains pipelines, turbine units and regulating systems [1,2]
The shunt effect of long connecting pipes can improve the stability of water level oscillations in surge tanks and reduce the critical stable sectional area (CSSA)
This paper provides a systematic literature review about the CSSA for surge tanks of hydropower stations
Summary
A hydropower station is a complicated system that contains pipelines, turbine units and regulating systems [1,2]. The selection of the sectional area of surge tanks is related to the stability and economy for the design of hydropower stations with surge tanks. Those two issues are illuminated as follows:. For hydropower stations with surge tanks, the stability of the turbine regulating system is directly related to the sectional area of the surge tank [38]. In order to realize the stable operation of hydropower stations with surge tanks, the sectional area of surge tanks should be greater than the CSSA. If the sectional area of the surge tanks is less than the CSSA, the hydropower stations with surge tanks would be unstable.
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