Abstract
In many machining operations, metalworking fluids (MWFs) play an invaluable role. Often, proper application of an intelligent MWF strategy allows manufacturing processes to benefit from a multitude of operational incentives, not least of which are increased tool life, improved surface integrity and optimised chip handling. Despite these clearly positive implications, current MWF strategies are often unable to accommodate the environmental, economic and social conscience of industrial environments. In response to these challenges, CO2 coolants are postulated as an operationally viable, environmentally benign MWF solution. Given the strong mechanistic rationale and historical evidence in support of cryogenic coolants, this review considers the technological chronology of cryogenic MWF’s in addition to the current state-of-the-art approaches. The review also focuses on the use of CO2 coolants in the context of the machining of a multitude of material types in various machining conditions. In doing so, cryogenic assisted machining is shown to offer a litany of performance benefits for both conventional emulsion (flood) cooling and near dry strategies, i.e., minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), as well as aerosol dry lubrication (ADL).
Highlights
In order to accommodate the demands of the current technological landscape, engineers have developed novel materials that meet an increasingly expansive range of lofty performance indices
The subject material must exhibit high flexural rigidity, fatigue strength and creep resistance, all whilst being exposed to operating temperatures in excess of 800 ◦ C [1]. It crucial that the material chosen exhibits both high shear strength and low thermal conductivity. Whilst these properties serve a clear purpose in an aeroengine, they generate a challenging machining environment, which must be met with a robust metalworking fluid (MWF) strategy
Given the extensive research that focuses upon the use of liquid nitrogen (LN2 ) MWFs, the proceeding text is primarily focused upon the emerging use of CO2 coolants, with only an ancillary consideration of LN2
Summary
Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (AMRC), University of Sheffield, Catcliffe Way, Rotherham S60 5TZ, UK. Industrial Engineering and Management Department, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
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