Abstract
The Republic of Serbia must make significant efforts to promote and exploit renewable energy sources and increase energy efficiency in all energy sectors to ensure energy security and economic competitiveness, reduce the negative impact on the environment from energy production and use, and contribute to global efforts to reduce greenhouse gases. Within the paper several issues of integration of recently realized CHP plant are introduced and discussed. Firstly, the legal and energy policy issues in the Republic of Serbia regarding connecting CHP to the grid are presented. The challenges and technical solutions for CHP connection to the grid, as well as power quality issues and the role of the CHP plant during the restoration of power supply during the maintenance of the substation and unplanned loss of high voltage supply, are presented and discussed. Finally, the impact of prospective massive integration of CHP on the energy balance and CO2 emission reduction in the province of Vojvodina in Serbia is investigated and discussed. Since it is the first CHP plant realized in Serbia, it is crucial that experience be shared to all potential stakeholders in the future energy efficiency projects.
Highlights
The electric power performance of Republic of Serbia in 2020 can be summarized as follows: The total installed power capacity of the Serbian Electric Power Industry (EPS) is 8054 MW generating 39,405 TWh/a of electricity, where thermal power capacities provide it with 65.7%, large and medium sized hydroelectric power makes up almost 31.6% of total electric power capacity, while the renewable energy sources account for 2,1%
The thermal power capacity of the Serbian EPS consists of eight thermal power plants of total installed power amounting to 5100 MW which rely on lignite, as well as three combined heat and power plants of total installed capacity amounting to 353 MW powered by liquid and gas fuels (0,7% of total electricity generation) [1]
The overall operational, energetic, environmental, and economic impact of the presented cycle heat and power (CHP) plant is positive despite initial technical problems regarding connecting 20 kV cable and issues related to CHP unit sizing and system protection adjustment
Summary
The electric power performance of Republic of Serbia in 2020 can be summarized as follows: The total installed power capacity of the Serbian Electric Power Industry (EPS) is 8054 MW generating 39,405 TWh/a of electricity, where thermal power capacities provide it with 65.7%, large and medium sized hydroelectric power makes up almost 31.6% of total electric power capacity, while the renewable energy sources (mostly wind turbine generation) account for 2,1%. The second priority includes programs targeted by sectors for the rational use of quality energy products within the framework of the program for substitution of electricity for thermal energy services in the building These programs are based on the use of natural gas, i.e., the increase in the number of users of centralized heat supply in the household and public/communal sectors, increasing energy efficiency, both in energy generation and distribution systems, as well as in the energy consumption sectors (end-users). The third contribution of the paper is the analysis and assessment of multiple impacts of massive application of the CHP plants in district heating and industry on the energy and power balance as well as reduction of carbon emission on the regional level. The last chapter contains lessons learned from the CHP project, conclusion remarks and the proposals to increase energy efficiency
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