Abstract
Although the variety of possible cavitation nuclei in liquid helium is much restricted owing to its superfluid and thermal superconductive properties, it cavitates more readily than any other liquid. The threshold for ultrasonic cavitation in He II is lowered in the presence of quantized vortices induced either by rotation or alpha particle irradiation. Thermal superconductivity greatly influences the dynamics of incipient cavities and is believed to be responsible for the difference between the thresholds for audible and visible effects found to occur in He II. A theory proporting that bubbles evolve from molecular-sized holes by rectified heat transport will be advanced. According to this theory, the role of the quantized vortices in nucleation in He II is to provide thermal insulation for bubbles evolving in normal fluid at the vortex core. Further developments will be discussed in the light of this theory.
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