Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a new technology that enables both virtual and physical objects to be connected and communicate with each other, and produce new digitized services that improve our quality of life. The IoT system provides several advantages, however, the current centralized architecture introduces numerous issues involving a single point of failure, security, privacy, transparency, and data integrity. These challenges are an obstacle in the way of the future developments of IoT applications. Moving the IoT into one of the distributed ledger technologies may be the correct choice to resolve these issues. Among the common and popular types of distributed ledger technologies is the blockchain. Integrating the IoT with blockchain technology can bring countless benefits. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive discussion of integrating the IoT system with blockchain technology. After providing the basics of the IoT system and blockchain technology, a thorough review of integrating the blockchain with the IoT system is presented by highlighting benefits of the integration and how the blockchain can resolve the issues of the IoT system. Then, the blockchain as a service for the IoT is presented to show how various features of blockchain technology can be implemented as a service for various IoT applications. This is followed by discussing the impact of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) on both IoT and blockchain. In the end, future research directions of IoT with blockchain are presented.
Highlights
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a modern technology where various physical and virtual devices can be connected and communicate with each other over the Internet often without human intervention
The objective of this paper was to provide a comprehensive discussion of integrating the IoT system with blockchain technology
Blockchain as a service for the IoT is presented to show how various features of blockchain technology can be implemented as a service for various IoT applications
Summary
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a modern technology where various physical and virtual devices can be connected and communicate with each other over the Internet often without human intervention. The objective of this paper was to provide a comprehensive discussion of integrating the IoT system with blockchain technology. The IoT produces countless digitized services and applications that provide several benefits over existing solutions These applications and services share some common features, which include [1,5,10]: Big Data Cogn. Connectivity: this is among the key characteristics of the IoT system that enables billions of devices and objects to be accessible remotely It allows various objects in our environment to be connected and communicate with each other over the Internet, which allows creating new applications and services. These devices come with heterogeneous characteristics including communication protocols, operating systems, platforms, and other software and hardware components. The IoT system allows all these devices to communicate with each other efficiently and effectively
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