A Review of Bio-Role Fumigation's in Plant Parasitic Nematode (PPNs) Control

Abstract

Worldwide there are greater than 4,100 species of PPNs. The most common opponent of agricultural production is PPNs. Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) cause substantial economic destruction to an extensive range of crops. Nematicide Chemicals are considered the furthermost operative method in reducing nematodes population. Increasing concern over chemical nematicides has increased interest in safe alternative methods to minimize these losses. This review focuses on the role of bio-fumigation against PPNs in sustainable agroecosystems. Bio-fumigation is a long-term approach for controlling diseases, nematodes, insects, and weeds in the soil. It was originally defined as the pest-controlling effect of decomposing Brassica tissues, but it was later broadened to include animal and plant leftovers. Glucosinolates are the principal active molecule responsible for the bio-fumigation process in various plants. Plant age and tissue type influence glucosinolate accumulation and myrosinase activity, which are influenced by environmental factors such as planting density and herbivory. Glucosinolates are sulphur-containing chemicals produced by the secondary metabolism of plants in the order Capparales, which includes the Brassicacea family among others. Natural antimicrobials and anti-carcinogenic agents, glucosinolates are well-known. Therefore, researchers should have to focus on environmentally save methods of plant parasitic nematode management like bio-fumigation. This biofumigation may be replace the fumigant nematicides for future.