A review of amino-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for water treatment: Features and prospects

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional features and versatile applications, including water and/or wastewater treatment. Discharge of heavy metals and other contaminants into water resources is a concern due to the detrimental effects on humans and the environment. Grafting magnetic nanoparticles with amino functional groups yields aminated or amino-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles, which show better results than bare magnetic nanoparticles in water treatment applications. Their magnetic nature is crucial for cost-effective and greener pollutant removal from water since they are magnetically separated and reused without a major change in structure and efficiency. In this review, the synthesis, separation and adsorption processes, and future perspectives for amino-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles are discussed in addition to their applicability in water treatment. Several important works have also been discussed for the removal of metals, radionuclides, organic contaminants, dyes and pathogens from water. The influence of parameters, such as magnetic nanoparticle dosage, pH, contact time, ion selectivity, and recyclability are also presented.