A review of adjuvant therapy for resected primary gastric cancer with an update on Taegu's phase III trial with intraperitoneal chemotherapy

Abstract

Aims Because patients with advanced gastric cancers have less than 50% chance of cure after R0 resection, the need for an adjuvant treatment to eradicate residual microscopic disease is clear. The major treatment strategy during the last decades has been postoperative systemic therapy. The results of published trials were reviewed. And, perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy as an adjuvant to potentially curative surgery was evaluated. Methods A literature search on this topic was performed for articles relating to clinical trials using adjuvant chemotherapy in the management of gastric cancer. Subset analyses of Taegu's phase III trial of early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy were performed. Results Even after extended lymphadenectomy, the peritoneal surface and resection site had a high incidence of recurrence. Postoperative systemic chemotherapy treatment regimens available in the past showed no major improvement in survival. One of new approaches currently undergoing study was intraperitoneal chemotherapy given in the perioperative period. The Taegu data showed this treatment reduced the incidence of peritoneal recurrence and thereby improved the survival rate after potentially curative surgery for gastric cancer. Conclusions The eradication of micrometastatic foci in the peritoneal cavity can be achieved by the perioperative intraperitoneal administration of chemotherapeutic agents. Patients with serosa-positive gastric cancer are most likely to benefit from adjuvant intraperitoneal chemotherapy.