A retrospective study on ovarian cystectomy

Abstract

The ovaries are paired gonads in females and are concerned with germ cell maturation, storage and its release. The ovaries are also concerned with steroidogenesis. Ovary is covered by a single layer of cuboidal cells known as germinal epithelium. As per the clinical features of the benign ovarian tumors, benign tumors predominantly manifest in late reproductive age. Methods: This is a retrospective study, where 64 cases of ovarian cyst during the period of Jan 2017 to Jan 2018 at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KVG Medical College and Hospital, Sullia were included in the study. Analysis of the ovarian cyst cases during this period was done to know the histopathology and clinical symptoms of patients who required the surgery for ovarian cysts. Another objective was to compare the clinical symptoms, ultrasonographic features and histopathology of patients who required the surgery for ovarian cysts. 46 cases were operated laparoscopically and patients who had large mass and unfit for laparoscopic surgery underwent conventional laparotomy. Results: As we analysed retrospectively these 64 cases, there were 30 (46.8%) cases of benign cystic ovarian tumors, of which 12 (18.75%), cases were serous cystadenoma which was the commonest of all in this study. This was followed by mature cystic teratoma in 11 (17.1%) and mucinous cystadenoma 6 (9.37%). We came across only one (1.23%) case of malignant ovarian tumor, which was found in a postmenopausal woman. Borderline malignancy was encountered in 1 patient (1.56%), which was a borderline mucinous tumor. Conclusions: Benign cystic ovarian tumors were common cause of ovarian cysts and of which serous cystadenoma was the commonest. Patients presented with vague symptoms, hence clinical symptoms could not differentiate between the type of cyst. Ultrasonography and histopathology helps us to arrive to definitive diagnosis but however histopathology gives us the final diagnosis.