A retrospective study on ameloblastoma presentations to Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Introduction : Ameloblastoma is the second most common benign odontogenic tumor, and only odontoma outnumbers it in reported frequency of occurrence.Aim : This study reviewed all ameloblastoma cases reported to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital from 2016 to 2018.Methodology : This was a retrospective descriptive study involving reviewing medical records of all Ameloblastoma cases diagnosed within the study period at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of KATH. A data collection sheet was used for data collection that covered patients’ demographics, location of the lesion, radiographic presentation, histological report, and treatment.Results : Thirty-four (34) diagnosed cases of ameloblastoma were recorded within the study period, giving an average of eleven cases (11.3) annually. The mean age of patients was 32.0 years with a male: female ratio of 1:1. All the cases reviewed were located within the mandible, with none in the maxilla. Twenty-four (70.6%) of them were found in the body of the mandible. Multilocular radiolucency is the joint radiographic presentation (24, 71%). Plexiform was the common histological variant (12, 35.3%). Thirty-two (32, 91.2%) patients were treated by resection with wide margins. There was no incidence of recurrence recorded.Conclusions : The results of this study indicate that Ameloblastoma cases in Ghana have similar clinicopathological presentations as commonly reported in the literature.