A retrospective study of socio-demographic factors in pregnancy induced hypertension in a tertiary care hospital in eastern India

Abstract

Background: The aim of the study was to study the sociodemographic factors in cases of pregnancy induced hypertension and its associated risk factors in a tertiary care hospital.Method: The present retrospective study was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha from June 2017 to May 2018. A total of 120 cases of pregnant women with PIH were studied. The sociodemographic data like age, parity, gestational age of presentation, mode of delivery, maternal and perinatal complications were noted from the hospital records and studied.Results: The incidence of PIH was found to be 7.2% in pregnant women attending the IMS& SUM Hospital.52% cases were in the age group of 25-30 years and 27% were in the age group of 19-24 years. In the present study, incidence of PIH was found to be highest among primigravidas (65%) as copmpared to multigravidas (35%).Most cases were delivered by caesarean section (71%) and 29% were delivered vaginally. Out of 120 cases, 10 % of cases were complicated by eclampsia, Severe PIH in 6%, Abruptio placentae in 1.6% and HELLP Syndrome in 0.8% cases.Conclusion: PIH is a very common complication encountered in pregnancy associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcome. The risk ia higher among young primigravidas and in rural population. Better health care facilities and awareness among the pregnant women will help in reducing the incidence of PIH and its associated complications.