A retrospective study of patch tests in Chongqing, China from 2004 to 2009

Abstract

There has been no previous report on allergens responsible for dermatitis in southwest China. To investigate the prevalence of contact allergy in southwest China, we retrospectively analysed the patch testing results in our department from 2004 to 2009. A total of 2758 patients were patch tested with the Chinese baseline series of contact allergens (Beijing Medical University), the most common baseline series used in China. The results from patch tests were collected, analysed, and compared with clinical findings. Of 2758 patients tested, 1826 (66.2%) were allergic to one or more common allergens. Five hundred (27.4%) patients had more than two contact allergies. One patient showed positive reactions to seven allergens. The most common allergens among the 1826 patients with positive reactions were nickel sulfate (39.5%), potassium dichromate (13.5%), thiomersal (11.6%), fragrance mix (6.9%), and rubber mix IV (5.8%). Nickel sensitivity was more common in female patients, and potassium dichromate sensitivity was more common in male patients (p < 0.001). Contact allergy in southwest China has particular characteristics, and these findings should be helpful in the development of strategies to reduce contact allergy in this geographical region.