Abstract
Background The transmission of HIV from mother to child among HIV-positive infants is estimated to be higher than 20%, despite the fact that antiretroviral treatment is available for antenatal mothers with HIV. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of HIV transmission from mother to child among infants aged one and a half years is estimated to be approximately 15.7 percent. Methods A retrospective cohort analysis using a simple random sampling technique was incorporated among 422 HIV-exposed babies and their mothers who were randomly chosen and screened using OPD (outpatient card) from March 2019 to March 2021 in the general hospitals of West Guji zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. The data were coded and entered into EpiData version 4.6.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for cleaning and analysis. Result The study revealed that at the end of follow-up, 3.8% of the HIV-exposed infants were found to be HIV positive. Poor adherence of infant for CPT (AOR: 5.6; 95% CI: 1.010–27.24), father not enrolled to ART (AOR: 4.4; 95% CI: 1.187–15.724), age of infants at enrollment >6 weeks (AOR: 4.5; 95% CI: 1.102–16.1), mother's enrollment to PMTCT during labor and delivery or after (AOR: 6.84; 95% CI: 1.316–42.743), and mothers on the WHO clinical stage mild or advanced (AOR: 3.6; 95% CI: 1.146–16.842) was found to be the most important significant predictors of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Conclusion Several factors included in the study were the main predictors of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The study concluded that there are some lacunae in the prevention of MTCT of HIV but that the incidence of MTCT of HIV was significantly lower in this part of the world.
Highlights
Our study revealed that the cumulative incidence of MTCT of HIV among HIV-exposed infants in public general hospitals of the West Guji zone, Southern Ethiopia, is nearly 4%, which is a significant burden to our society
Mery Luke Referral Hospital, Asella Hospital Ethiopia [5, 18, 19] [16, 19–26]. is difference may be due to the reason that positive impact of B positive on the reduction of MTCT of HIV; the data of most of the studies were before the implementation of option B positive
Above 90% of the mothers were delivered at health institutions in our study; this was helpful to enroll the HEIs into the PMTCT service before six weeks of Variables antenatal care (ANC) follow-up Number of ANC visit (n 422) Postnatal follow-up Gravidity
Summary
E study was conducted in public general hospitals of the West Guji zone providing PMTCT service from March 2019 to March 2021. E study areas included Bule Hora General Hospital and Karcha General Hospital. A two-year institutional-based retrospective cohort study design was used on HIV-exposed infants and their mothers using the patient charts registered from March 2019 to March 2021 were included. As for the registration of HIV-exposed infants, follow-up of the selected general hospitals shows that there are 461 HIVexposed infants registered in the two-year follow-up period
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