Abstract
In India the perinatal and maternal outcome in eclampsia cases is still poor due to inadequate antenatal care in rural areas, financial restraints and non-availability of transportation facilities, and social taboos causing delay in management resulting in poor maternal and neonatal outcome. Aim of the study was to evaluate fetomaternal outcome in patients with eclampsia. This retrospective study was conducted over a period of 2 years from May 2018 to April 2020 at department of obstetrics and gynaecology of Government medical college and Sir T General hospital, Bhavnagar , Gujarat , India. During the review period total 50 cases of eclampsia reported.Incidence in our study is 0.43%.Results showed 86 % of eclampsia patients were of age less than 25 years. 82% of patients had antepartum eclampsia , 14 % had postpartum eclampsia and 4% had intrapartum eclampsia . 90% patients had 1 episodes of convulsion. 8% patients had 2 episodes of convulsions.2% pateint had 5 episode of convulsion. Out of 50 patients 36 patients were delivered by C-section and 14 patients by vaginal delivery.1 patient had twin pregnancy.Out of 51 newborn, 5 were stillbirth and 1 early neonatal death.Maternal mortility was 2 % .Eclampsia is still one of the important and common obstetric emergencies, which has a significant role in maternal and perinatal outcome. Regular Antenatal Care (ANC), proper health education, improvements of socioeconomic conditions and spreading of awareness in the community has major roles in prevention of eclampsia. Timely and appropriate intervention including primary management, early referral and judicious termination of pregnancy help in reducing morbidity and mortality of both mother and fetus.
 Keywords: Eclampsia, Fetomaternal outcome.
Highlights
Eclampsia has been a recognized pathological entity since the time of Hippocrates and ancient Greek
During the review period total 50 cases of eclampsia reported.Incidence in our study is 0.43%.Results showed 86 % of eclampsia patients were of age less than 25 years. 82% of patients had antepartum eclampsia, 14 % had postpartum eclampsia and 4% had intrapartum eclampsia . 90% patients had 1 episodes of convulsion. 8% patients had 2 episodes of convulsions.2% pateint had 5 episode of convulsion
Eclampsia probably accounts for 50,000 maternal deaths a year worldwide.[2 ]Appoximately 1 in 2000 deliveries complicated by eclampsia in developed countries, whereas the incidence in developing countries varies from 1 in 100 to 1 in 1700 cases.[3]In India, reported incidence of eclampsia varies from 0.179 to 3.7 % And maternal mortality varies from 2.2 to 23 % of all eclamptic women.(4) It ranks second only to anemia in developing countries
Summary
Eclampsia has been a recognized pathological entity since the time of Hippocrates and ancient Greek. A number of social, genetic, medical and obstetric conditions predispose to an increase risk of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Some clinical causes of maternal deaths that are followed after eclampsia are cardiopulmonary failure, acute renal failure, cerebrovascular accident (CVA), HELLP syndrome (Haemolysis, Elevated liver enzymes and Low platelets) and disseminated intravascular coagulation.[5] Reasons like prematurity due to pretermlabour pain or iatrogenic, respiratorydistress syndrome (RDS), cerebral haemorrhage, intrauterine anoxia, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are mostly attributed for poor fetal outcome. Aim of present study was to record the clinical profile of patients with eclampsia and to study the various maternal and fetal
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