A retrospective hospital based study on factors influencing the incidence of cleft lip and palate cases in Bihar region

Abstract

Introduction: Cleft lip and palate are most common developmental anomaly of head and neck region affecting a great number of newborns worldwide. Further it gives rise to psychosocial and financial strain to the affected family especially in developing countries like India. The exact etiology and pathogenesis of cleft lip and palate is still an enigma and behave as a complex process involving several genetic and environmental factors. Objective: To assess the pattern of cleft lip and palate cases and to analyze if any relation to environmental factors present in Bihar region. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Government Hospital of Patna, Bihar through evaluating the recorded medical files of cleft lip and palate cases of 5 years duration and self designed data forms were filled. Results: Results were obtained through analyzing the obtained data and were tabulated. Percentage and frequency was evaluated to assess the pattern of incidence of such anomalies. Conclusion: The present study is in favor of conceptualization of multifactorial theory involved in occurrence of cleft lip and palate. Furthermore, it also provides a baseline data for future reference which might help in conducting any researches on this particular area. Keywords: Cleft lip, Cleft palate, Factors, Incidence, Retrospective.