A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY TO UNDERSTAND THE AGE, GENDER AND RISK FACTORS PATTERN IN PATIENTS ATTENDING FOR CARDIAC REHABILITATION (CR) AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING (CABG) SURGERY

Abstract

Introduction: Throughout the world, cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of not only morbidity but also mortality too. Myocardial infarction is the primary reason for admission in cardiac rehabilitation unit, patients of Coronary artery bypass Graft (CABG) surgery along with other cardiac condition like valve surgery, post PTCA (Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty) are also being referred for cardiac rehabilitation. Coronary artery bypass surgery, also known as coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, is a surgical procedure for partially obstructed coronary artery (the "target vessel"). The purpose is to restore normal blood ow to the partially obstructed coronary artery. Our study is an attempt to understand the age, gender and risk factors pattern in patients attending for cardiac rehabilitation after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Surgery. Material And Methods: This Retrospective Cohort Study was conducted in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGME & R) and SSKM Hospitals, Kolkata after getting Institutional ethical committee clearance and informed consent. Relevant data regarding medical, personal history and demographics collected from the patients attended for cardiac rehabilitation (CR) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery between January, 2014 to June, 2015 (18 months) were being used for analysis. Results: Data were summarised by routine descriptive statistics. Maximum number of patients are in the age group of 51-60 years. Most of study population are male (90%). Study showed show 42.5 % are smoker, 37.5 % diabetic, 27.5 % are obese, 82.5 % are dyslipidaemic, 57.5 % are hypertensive. Conclusion: Our study shows most of our patient is male of 5th decade. Minimum age is 46-year, maximum age is 71 years with the mean age 55.4 years. most of study population are male (90%). Among the study population, 42.5 % are smoker, 37.5 % diabetic, 27.5 % are obese, 82.5 % are dyslipidaemic, 57.5 % are hypertensive. Hence male sex is an important risk factor for coronary artery disease. Early and aggressive attention to these risk factors e.g., smoking, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension could drastically reduce the need for coronary procedures such as angioplasty, stent, and bypass surgeries.