A Retrospective Chart Review of Screening on the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in an Irish Community Mental Health Service

Abstract

Individuals who are treated with antipsychotic medications are at risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). The comorbidity of a severe mental illness (SMI) and a physical illness has a major impact on the quality of life of these individuals. We conducted a retrospective chart review (RCR) of 214 individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia who had been receiving antipsychotic medications for at least 6 months, in five clinical settings in an Irish community mental health service. The aim was to determine the presence of MetS to assist in improving screening practices and directing future practice. The National Cholesterol Education Program High Blood Cholesterol Adult Treatment Panel 111 (NCEP ATP 111) metabolic diagnostic criteria were utilised to determine prevalence. After examining 214 charts we observed that waist circumference varied from 68 to 142 cm, elevated waist circumference over the recommended parameters was recorded in 145 charts. Forty-five percent (n = 98) had blood pressure (BP) readings over 130/85. The range for body mass index (BMI)’s varied from 16 to 54, BMIs over 25 was recorded in 44% (n = 95) of charts. Elevated triglycerides (TG) were recorded in 37% (n = 80) and 45% (n = 97) had reduced HDL-C levels. Elevated glucose levels were found in 25% (n = 54) of the charts examined. The chart review found an overall prevalence rate of 44% (n = 94) for this sample. Regular audit of screening data used for the presence of MetS in individuals with SMI is essential in the detection of physical comorbidities and to improving the quality of life and prevention of premature deaths.