A retrospective case study of clinical profile of hospitalized children with type 1 diabetes mellitus at a tertiary health care center in northern India

Abstract

Abstract Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) mostly presents as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and is a common pediatric endocrine emergency. There is dearth of literature on clinical profile of T1DM from North India. Objectives 1. To identify the clinical profile of patients admitted with T1DM at a tertiary care hospital. 2. To assess the predictors of adverse outcome in patients with T1DM. Methods A retrospective case series. Clinical and laboratory data were analyzed from hospital records of all patients with confirmed diagnosis of T1DM using standard guidelines admitted in Department of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Hospital, Lucknow, from January 2010 to October 2012. Adverse outcome was defined as death or refusal for treatment. Results In this duration of 34-month 40 patients were admitted. There were 22 (55%) females, 24 (60%) were p = 0.017), polyuria/polydipsia (OR = 6.66; 95% CI = 1.09–40.73; p = 0.026), capillary refill time >3 s (OR = 33.6; 95% CI = 3.29–342.2; p p = 0.011) and leukocytosis (OR = 10.93; 95% CI = 2.16–55.24; p = 0.003) and use of vasopressors (OR = 93.0; 95% CI = 7.2–196.69; p Conclusion Most of patients admitted here were newly diagnosed and majority presented with DKA. Adverse hospital outcome was associated with fever, polyuria/polydipsia, capillary refill time >3 s, raised serum creatinine and leukocytosis. Hence attempts must be made for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of T1DM.