A Retrospective Analysis of Treatment Outcomes of 40 Incidental Cavernous Carotid Aneurysms

Abstract

The management of cavernous carotid aneurysms (CCAs) poses a significant dilemma to the treating surgeon. Asymptomatic CCAs usually are managed conservatively with clinical and radiologic follow-up. Large size, intradural extension, sphenoid bone erosion, and increasing size on follow-up are usual indications for treating asymptomatic CCAs. However, there are no clear-cut guidelines in literature. We share our experience of 40 asymptomatic CCAs treated by endovascular and surgical methods. All the asymptomatic CCAs treated between January 2014 and December 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Patient demographics, aneurysm characteristics, postprocedural complications, and clinical and radiologic follow-up data were obtained from records. Outcome was evaluated in terms of aneurysm obliteration and maintained cerebral perfusion, postoperative complications, recurrence, and clinically significant complications during follow-up. Endovascular coiling, balloon-assisted coiling, and stent-assisted coiling were performed in 27 (75%), 5 (13.9%), and 4 (11.1%), respectively. Raymond-Roy occlusion classification grade I occlusion was achieved in 88.9% of cases. No immediate or delayed complications were noted. Coil compaction was seen in 4 (11.1%) patients. In the surgery group, all patient underwent high-flow bypass with radial artery graft. Aneurysm exclusion with good graft patency was achieved in all 4 cases without any permanent morbidity or mortality. The current study demonstrates excellent outcomes of asymptomatic CCAs after treatment. In view of the technical advancements of both surgical and endovascular methods, consideration for treatment should be given to asymptomatic CCAs. Each aneurysm should be individually assessed by experts for choosing the best endovascular or surgical treatment option.