A retrospective analysis of Shigellosis in hospitalized patients

Abstract

The relevance of the study of Shigellosis is due to the fact that the pathogen is capable of invasion and the production of cyto- and neurotoxins, which leads to the development of severe inflammation and toxicosis, and with massive infection — and neurotoxicosis. Purpose: to study the clinical and laboratory features of the course of Shigellosis in hospitalized patients at the present stage. Materials and Methods: a retrospective study of 17 case histories of children aged 9 month to 17 years old, hospitalized in the infectious diseases department of a Moscow hospital in 2019 with a confirmed diagnosis of Shigellosis, was carried out. Results: depending on the season, the frequency of hospitalizations of children with Shigellosis was practically the same in autumn, winter and spring, excluding summer (35%, 35%, 30% and 0%, respectively). Children with Shigellosis under the age of 1 year were 2, 1—3 years old — 4, 3—7 years old — 5, 7—14 years old — 3, over 14 years old — 3. The diagnosis of Shigellosis was confirmed in 13 patients according to the results of bacteriological research , in 4 — according to IHR (indirect hemagglutination reaction) data (without seeding). Shigella flexneri 2a was detected in 14 children, Shigella sonnei in 2, Shigella flexneri 2a together with Shigella sonnei in 1. Most of the patients 82.4% (14/17) were admitted to the hospital in the first three days of illness (by 2.8 ± 0.05 days). Intoxication symptoms were expressed in all patients, vomiting — in 76.5% of cases (13/17), fever — in 94% (16/17), abdominal pain — in 82.4% (14/17), inflammatory impurities in feces (cloudy mucus) — in all patients, hemocolitis (streaks of blood in feces) — in all but one — 94% (16/17). In one third of patients, Shigellosis was severe — in 35% (6/17). Conclusions. Shigellosis remains relevant due to the incidence of hemocolitis, severe forms, which requires hospitalization.