Abstract
<i>Introduction/Aim: </i>There is scanty detailed published literature on meningiomas in Nigeria and other parts of Africa. This study is aimed at exploring the demographics, histopathology and presenting symptoms/signs of meningioma in our tertiary health facility and comparing it with other published literature. <i>Methodology: </i>This is a hospital based retrospective study of all histopathologically diagnosed meningioma cases at the department of histopathology of the Jos University Teaching Hospital in plateau state North-Central Nigeria. The period of review is between the 1st of January 2012 to the 31st of December 2020. Materials utilized for this research consisted of Archival histopathology glass slides, paraffin wax tissue blocks, electronic surgical pathology result data base, electronic cancer registry entries and hard copies of patient case files. The age, sex, intracranial location, histomorphological variant, grade and presenting symptom/sign was documented for all cases and analyzed.<i> Results:</i> Thirty-four (34) cases of meningioma out of 87 primary intracranial neoplasms were histopathologically diagnosed over the 9 years of review. There was a female predominance, with a M:F of 1:1.61. The peak age of diagnoses occurred in the 5<sup>th</sup> and 6<sup>th</sup> decades for females and males respectively. The commonest histomorphological variant was the Meningothelial type with the commonest intracranial site of diagnosis being the convexities. The most frequently occurring presenting symptom/sign were headache, seizures and visual impairment. <i>Conclusion:</i> Meningioma is the commonest intracranial tumour diagnosed at the Jos University teaching Hospital, In North central Nigeria. This tumour occurs at a relatively younger age in our environment. The sex distribution, variants, grades and symptoms/signs of this tumour in our study conforms to what is obtainable in other parts of the world.
Highlights
Meningiomas are in most cases benign tumours arising from arachnoid cap type meningothelial cells of the arachnoid membrane. [1,2,3,4]
They are the most common primary intracranial tumour diagnosed worldwide, their reported frequency varies from study to study and generally ranges from between 13-36% of intracranial neoplasms. [1, 4,5,6,7,8,9,10] Certain genetic and environmental risk factors have been associated with the development of meningiomas
Facility in North Central Nigeria classification identifies 15 histomorphological variants of meningioma stratified into Benign, Atypical and Anaplastic meningiomas. [2, 5, 7] A majority of meningiomas are world health organization (WHO) grade I tumours and the most commonly diagnosed histomorphological variants of meningioma are the meningothelial, transitional and fibrous types. [4, 5, 7] Meningiomas occur more frequently in females and the incidence increases with age in both males and females. [1, 5, 8, 11] The clinical signs and symptoms of meningioma are usually as a result of compression of adjacent structures and are quite often non-specific
Summary
Meningiomas are in most cases benign tumours arising from arachnoid cap type meningothelial cells of the arachnoid membrane. [1,2,3,4]. Meningiomas are in most cases benign tumours arising from arachnoid cap type meningothelial cells of the arachnoid membrane. Meningiomas have been reported to occur in varied locations with most cases arising within the intracranial and intraspinal cavity. [2, 5, 7] A majority of meningiomas are WHO grade I tumours and the most commonly diagnosed histomorphological variants of meningioma are the meningothelial, transitional and fibrous types. [4] This study aims to analyze the demographics, histomorphological variants, grade and symptoms/signs of meningioma in our environment and to compare our findings with published data from within and outside Nigeria Facility in North Central Nigeria classification identifies 15 histomorphological variants of meningioma stratified into Benign (grade I), Atypical (grade II) and Anaplastic (grade III) meningiomas. [2, 5, 7] A majority of meningiomas are WHO grade I tumours and the most commonly diagnosed histomorphological variants of meningioma are the meningothelial, transitional and fibrous types. [4, 5, 7] Meningiomas occur more frequently in females and the incidence increases with age in both males and females. [1, 5, 8, 11] The clinical signs and symptoms of meningioma are usually as a result of compression of adjacent structures and are quite often non-specific. [4] This study aims to analyze the demographics, histomorphological variants, grade and symptoms/signs of meningioma in our environment and to compare our findings with published data from within and outside Nigeria
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