A Retrospective Analysis of Explant Liver Pathology: Experience from A Tertiary Care Center in India

Abstract

Background and Aim: The histological spectrum of explant liver pathology and their prevalence has rarely been reported from Indian subcontinent. The study was performed to provide new insight into the prevalence of explant liver pathologies in this part of world by retrospective analysis of spectrum of histological changes. Secondly, to study etiopathological association of cirrhosis and third to study the etiopathogenesis for development of hepatocellular carcinoma and to analyze whether there is any association of macro regenerative and dysplastic nodule with hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: Written records of all explant liver pathology were entered into an electronic database. Retrospective analysis of liver explants was performed from May 2015 to July 2016 at a tertiary care center in India. Results: Maximum (97.2%) number of liver explants showed cirrhosis with only 2.8% cases of acute liver failure (ALF) and acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF). HCV related chronic liver disease is the commonest etiological factor for development of cirrhosis in this part of world followed by HBV and alcoholic. HCV is also found to be associated with primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL) in one case. The association between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and HBV was found to be significant with a p value of 0.009. The association between dysplastic nodules and HCC was also found to be significant. Conclusion: This study describes the histological spectrum of explant liver pathology from India. HCV forms the major disease burden for chronic liver disease. There is significant association of dysplastic nodules with HCC postulating their role as a precursor lesion in HCC. The author has none to declare.Table 1Number and Sex Distribution of Explant Cases.