A REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS FORMATION IN EARLY MATURING SOY-BEAN VARIETY DEPENDING ON THE SOWING METHOD

Abstract

The article presents the results of the study of the effect of sowing methods on the formation of reproductive organs in a new early maturing variety of soybean Septemberbrinka, which is characterized by indeterminant type of growth, resistant to fungal and bacterial diseases, lodging, forms 2-3 branches on the plant. The research was carried out on meadow chernozemic soil in the southern agricultural zone of the Amur region in order to establish the effect of the method of sowing on the processes of reproductive organs formation and seed yield. The variety was grown using the wide-row method of sowing at 45 cm and the row method at 15 cm, the repetition in the experiment was four times. On average for the two years of research the advantage showed the wide-row method of cultivation, in which the safety of plants for harvesting was higher by 7%, as with the row method of cultivation plants stretched and lodged, and the stem became thinner. The highest biological seed yield of 3.44 t/ha was obtained with the wide-row method of cultivation. The 15 cm rowing method reduced the seed yield to 2.5 t/ha. The high yield of seeds in the crops with a row spacing of 45 cm was provided by the highest number of formed flowers (182 pcs), bean ovaries (119 pcs) and beans (51 pcs), and low bean fall - 19.9 %, compared with 22.5 % for the row method of cultivation. As a result of the research coefficients of variation (CV) depending on the way of sowing were determined, which showed that in sowing with 45 cm row-spacing the degree of variation depending on the reproductive organ formed was 1.4-2.1 times lower in comparison with the sowing by the row method.