Abstract
Product–service systems (PSSs) have drawn significant attention as a driver for business innovation and manufacturing servitization. A PSS is a system of products and services, supporting networks and infrastructure that are designed to satisfy customer needs and to generate values. In this paper, a representation framework for PSSs with eight spaces of product, customer, value, actor, service, business model, interaction context and time space has been proposed to help compare different PSSs and to support the design process. A PSS repository using the representation framework has been developed. To illustrate the representation method and its utility, 15 industry PSS cases are briefly introduced, and comparisons of these cases using the PSS representation framework and similarity assessments are explained. The utilities of the framework in designing PSSs and in analyzing and planning manufacturing servitization are discussed as well.
Highlights
Product–service systems (PSSs) have drawn significant attention as a driver for business innovation and manufacturing servitization
The research question of the paper is, whether a representation of PSSs can be devised so that many different PSS and servitization cases can be compared at a high level with diverse viewpoints and the PSS design process can be supported with such a representation
The framework has been developed into a PSS representation and repository system, which is a software system that represents and stores PSS cases using these eight spaces as a core part of the Manufacturing Servitization Support Framework (MSSF) project sponsored by the Koran Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy
Summary
Product–service systems (PSSs) have drawn significant attention as a driver for business innovation and manufacturing servitization. A PSS is designed reflecting the strengths of the product of a manufacturing company to provide added values to the customers of the product. Designing a PSS is the key in manufacturing servitization (Fischer, Gebauer & Fleisch 2012; Baines & Lightfoot 2013) to pursue business innovation of the manufacturing company. Manufacturing companies can accomplish business innovation by devising new service elements and providing PSSs starting from their products. The key challenge in servitization would be devising new services to provide those values that the customers desire but not yet well supported. The servitization should address what changes would be needed in the business model strategies to provide those values through new PSSs. good interactions between customers and service providers need to be offered. It would be desirable to devise a method to represent the servitization cases with the characteristics of the products and customers as well as newly devised services so that many different servitization cases and PSSs can be compared
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