A relook at the pollution certification of in-use vehicles in India and a way forward

Abstract

Abstract Air pollution in an urban context is a major concern across the world as it has severe impacts on human health. Vehicular emissions contribute the major part to urban air pollution; thus, many countries have taken various steps to reduce vehicular emissions through various policies and interventions. Vehicular inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs have been instrumental for curbing and controlling vehicular emissions across the globe, including in India. Pollution certification of in-use vehicles is one of the important components of the I/M program adopted by India. This paper presents a review of the existing pollution certification process and corresponding institutional and regulatory frameworks with reference to India. It highlights several gaps in the certification process and recommends necessary interventions for improving the effectiveness of the certification process.