Abstract

An operational model for an area of the northeast Atlantic that encompasses all of Ireland’s territorial waters has been developed. The model is an implementation of the Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS) and uses operationally available atmospheric and boundary forcing, and a global tide solution for tidal forcing. River forcing is provided by climatological daily discharge rates for 29 rivers across Ireland, west Britain, and west France. It is run in an operational framework to produce 7-day hindcasts once a week, and daily 3-day forecasts which are published in a number of formats. We evaluated the model skill by comparing with measured data and calculating statistics such as mean error, root mean square error (RMSE), and correlation coefficient. The observations consist of satellite Sea Surface Temperature (SST), total surface velocity fields from satellite, water level time series from around the Irish coast, and temperature and salinity data from Array for Real-Time Geostrophic Oceanography (ARGO) and Conductivity Temperature Depth (CTD) profiles. The validation period is from 1 January 2016 until 31 December 2019. The correlation coefficient between the model and satellite SST is 0.97 and recorded in March and April 2018. The model error is about 5% of the total M2 amplitude in the Celtic Sea recorded at Dunmore East tide gauge station. The maximum RMSE between the model and the CTD temperature profiles is 0.8 °C while it is 0.17 PSU for salinity. The model correctly defines the shelf water masses around Ireland. In 2019 the Irish Coastal Current (ICC) was very strong and well defined along most of the western Irish coast. The model results have well reproduced the ICC front for the whole simulation period.

Highlights

  • Ireland is located in a hydrographically interesting part of the northeast Atlantic Ocean where the regimes of the deep ocean and the continental shelf interact

  • The GEKCO data and both models are characterized by the North Atlantic Current and European Slope Current which transports heat and salt from the north-east Atlantic, interacts with the continental shelf slope and forms branches that flow into the North Sea in agreement with [23,35]

  • This paper presents an operational model for Irish waters NEA_ROMS

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Summary

Introduction

Ireland is located in a hydrographically interesting part of the northeast Atlantic Ocean where the regimes of the deep ocean and the continental shelf interact. The Shannon River on the west coast of Ireland is the largest river in the region with a mean annual discharge of 186 m3 s−1 [9], but there are significant freshwater discharges from rivers on the south coast of Ireland and west coast of Britain as well as from further afield such as the Loire in France 22 of Britain as well as from further afield such as the Loire in France This induces vertical density the shelf while thermal stratification is an important process during the summer months. Stratification on the shelf while thermal stratification is an important process during the summer mixing due to tide and wind creates areas with well-mixed water, such as the Irish Sea. Fronts occur months.

Bathymetric
Objectives of the Study
Model Design and Implementation
Lateral Boundary Conditions
Surface Boundary Conditions
Operational Setup
Observations Data and Methods of Analysis
TemporalModel-ODYSSEA evolution of the mean
Tables and
The andand between
Findings
Discussion
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