Abstract
Mobile Cyber-Physical Systems (MCPS) have extended the application domains by exploiting the advantages of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) through the mobile devices. The cooperation of various mobile equipment and workers based on the MCPS further improved efficiency and productivity in the industry. To support this cooperation of groups of workers (hereafter referred to as the Mobile Sink Groups), data should be delivered to appropriate groups of workers in a timely manner. Traditionally, the data dissemination for MSG relies on flooding-based geocasting into the movable area of the group due to frequent movements of each group member. However, the flooding-based data dissemination could not be directly applied to real-time data delivery that demands the required time deadline and the end-to-end delivery distance, because the flooding could not define the end-to-end distance and progress to each member in a group. This paper proposes a real-time data delivery mechanism for supporting MSG in time-critical applications. In our mechanism, a ring-based modeling and data transfer scheme on a virtual grid in the ring for group mobility provides the end-to-end distance and the progress to forward real-time data to each member. Simulation results show our mechanism is superior to the existing ones in terms of real-time communication for MSG.
Highlights
As Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are collectively a technology for managing systems that interlink real-world assets, such as various sensors and actuators, with computing power in the information world [1], and it has recently become a key research area in industry, which utilized in various applications such as smart factory, digital manufacturing, and digital twin [2]
CPS exploit sufficient computing resources to process information that has not been addressed in the physical world in the past to promote economic benefits such as improved energy efficiency and productivity in the industry [3]
In the mobile sink group, the end-to-end distance between a source node and each sink node could not be defined as the data delivery towards each sink node is based on flooding within the area
Summary
As Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are collectively a technology for managing systems that interlink real-world assets, such as various sensors and actuators, with computing power in the information world [1], and it has recently become a key research area in industry, which utilized in various applications such as smart factory, digital manufacturing, and digital twin [2]. To apply the spatiotemporal approach, per-hop data forwarding requires the delivery speed, the coordinates of the specific destination, and the progress to the destination by each of the 1-hop neighbor nodes This traditional spatiotemporal approach has been able to successfully transmit data for individual mobile sinks through virtual infrastructure; data dissemination to a group of mobile sinks causes duplicated location management of all sinks and duplicated data delivery to all sinks. VTS [12] exploits a virtual tube storage to deliver data to mobile sink group As this scheme requires the process of storing data and acquiring data through queries in the sink, it is difficult to achieve real-time data transmission. The proposed scheme could transfer data to all sinks in the group in a valid time by performing main forwarding and branch forwarding process which along nodes that meet the previously calculated minimum speed.
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