Abstract

AbstractThis study points out a heretofore unrecognized range of variation in the mastoid area, between modern and ancient man. The mastoid region of modern man was re‐investigated and found to present a very different picture from fossil man. A trend was noted in modern man toward the enlargement of the mastoid process, the eruption of the juxtamastoid process in the digastric fossa and the absence of a pronounced occipitomastoid crest. The conditios were considerably differnt in Neanderthal man. In this group the area consisted of a small mastoid process, a spacious digastric fossa with no intervening juxtamastoid process and an occipitomastoid crest which exceeded or at least equaled, the projection of its mastoid process.This additional data emphasizes the cranial differences between modern man and Neanderthal man and suggests that the region should be re‐evaluated in light of this new data.

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