A rational combination of intravesical and systemic agents for the treatment of interstitial cystitis

Abstract

Interstitial cystitis is a condition with a poorly understood etiology and, consequently, various treatment options have been described in the literature, with a less than optimal outcome. The aim of this study was to examine the role of a combination of intravesical hydrocortisone and heparin, together with oral bladder sedatives and systemic triamcinolone, for the treatment of interstitial cystitis. A total of 26 patients who were diagnosed as having interstitial cystitis were treated with weekly intravesical hydrocortisone (200 mg) and heparin (25,000 IU) in physiological saline for 6 weeks. In addition, they were given oral bladder sedatives such as oxybutynin or tolterodine. Ulcerative, refractory and recurrent cases were treated with intramuscular triamcinolone (40 mg) weekly for 6 weeks. All patients experienced an improvement in symptoms within 48 h of their first intravesical instillation. While 19 patients (73%) experienced almost complete pain relief, five of the remaining seven patients improved with intramuscular triamcinolone. Frequency reduced from a mean of 23.2 to 10.9 voids per day and was acceptable in 21 patients (80%). Six patients (23%) had a relapse of symptoms in the form of pain and were treated satisfactorily by means of intramuscular triamcinolone. The mean duration of follow-up was 18.3 months. A combination of intravesical hydrocortisone and heparin, along with oral bladder sedatives and systemic steroids, has been used with encouraging results in a small group of patients with interstitial cystitis.