Abstract
BackgroundOvarian hyperstimulation syndrome is usually an iatrogenic and potentially life-threatening disease. It develops following ovulation induction and use of in vitro fertilization techniques.Case summaryA 32-year-old primigravida Ethiopian woman presented at 15 weeks gestation with a history of progressive bilateral leg swelling and abdominal pain of 2 weeks duration. She had triplet pregnancy and conceived through in vitro fertilization. She was managed in intensive care unit.ConclusionPatients with multiple pregnancy following in vitro fertilization conception can have ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome as late as 15 weeks gestation. Hence, frequent follow-up should be continued to detect early signs of OHSS to avoid further complications and need of intensive care unit care.
Highlights
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is usually an iatrogenic and potentially life-threatening disease
We report a rare case of severe Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in the second trimester
With a revised diagnosis of severe OHSS with acute respiratory distress syndrome to rule out miliary tuberculosis, she was transfered to intensive care unit (ICU) and was put on mechanical ventilator
Summary
Endogenous hCG-associated persistent second-trimester OHSS is an unusual presentation. Patients with multiple pregnancy following IVF conception can have OHSS syndrome as late as 15 weeks gestation. Frequent follow-up should be continued to detect early signs of OHSS and avoid further complications and need of ICU care
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